Mobs, Mobs, Mobs Essay

Mob mentality is a term used to describe a unique behavioral characteristic that develops when people are in a large group. It is often viewed as a negative sense but it can also be a positive sense. When people in our society today hear the word â€Å"mob† they think of an aggressive chaotic group of people fight or doing something with little to no reason. The mobs we have today has the same effect of what people think but it has become thoroughly worse. The factors of mob mentality leaves our society dumbfounded when it acts with alienation and animosity controlling us like a plague. The aspects of mob mentality comes in numbers which leaves us drowning not knowing what and how to react. Two main aspects that play a role in mobs are the overpowering anonymity that exists within a mob and the allotment of responsibility of the group’s behavior. These factors sometimes conceive a person’s belief that they can act a certain way within the group and not have the same consequence as what he or she would of faced if they did it on their own. For instance, if a person is in a mob that is causing havoc in a building, that person might believe that there would be less of a chance that they would get caught if they were alone, because it would be difficult for authorities to identify every person who was involved. They would also feel less guilt because of the many who did the same. Another factor in mob mentality is the greater sense of confusion or panic that would abrupt in a large riot. A perfect example is shown in most disastrous movies like 2012 or I Am Legend when large groups of people suddenly begin running in one direction. Although many people might not know why this would be happening, they see them and abruptly without warning begin running in that direction too. In severe events, the urge to run and panic spreads through everyone’s mind like a pandemic creating some sort of crowd delirium. Even for something that isn’t as chaotic like Black Friday when people see that a 60†³ HD LCD Samsung TV for sale at the price of $400, once they’re released its monkey see monkey do, some guy runs and the rest follows. Everyone has that moment when one of these events happened, threes also the voice in your head leaching adrenaline through your body telling  you run run run! Mob mentality plays a role in plays and concerts that were the â€Å"best.† Three people would stand up applauding and screaming like mad men. Then maybe a few others would join them. Some would look around uncomfortably , scanning the crowd, deciding if it was alright to start clapping. Our brains are wired to follow the crowd which afflicts damage to our society greatly and creating indecisive entities in everyone’s heads. There is a little more insight to show why people will react in ways that rebel against their regular morals and beliefs. â€Å"When people are part of a group they can deindividuate, (lose their self awareness and sense of individuality), and get caught up in the emotional excitement and indulge in behaviors they would not engage in alone† (Page 1). They may not feel that they are the ones responsible for their act of violence as they continue to do so as â€Å"the group’s†. The larger the mob, the more our society can lose self awareness as a whole or one’s self.

Games for Young Learners

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Many researches stated that learning a language is better started from early age because in this stage the children will be easier to acquire the language, sooner they start learning, more proficient they will be in using the language. Therefore, presently, English is introduced starting from kindergarten and becomes one lesson subject that must be taken in elementary school based on government’s rule in Indonesia. In this level, the children are usually called by young learners. Young learners are those who just start the formal school until they are in eleven or twelve years old.Teaching English for young learner is not easy task as it is seen because children are interested in fun activity rather than listening to the teacher who talk in front of the class explaining something that they do not understand. What usually happened in the classroom is that teacher gives so much speech in front of the class and explains many theories and concepts of the lan guage that the children do not understand about. Because of this reason, the children will start to get bored and play with their friends and make chaos.Then, the teacher will surrender of facing chaos in the classroom and get angry until then scold to the children that will make them feel afraid to study. It is not purely children mistake, but it is happened because teacher does not know how to manage the class and keep the children’s attention. The teacher should remember that young learners are different from an adult. They are not interested in studying since they do not have motivation from learning yet. They are interested in game, story, tale, song, and other fun activities.In this case, the teacher should be able to manage the class as fun as possible and find an enjoyable ways to teaching the language naturally. It can be done by designing an activity that takes their attention. Playing such kind of games could be a best way to get the children’s attention. Ga mes are closed to children world and through these children can learn the language naturally since these activities will make them involve into the learning process. It means that they learn directly through listening, watching making interaction, and also moving around. Children learn from an authentic material.This paper will show how games can be an effective tool for learning activity. Through this paper, the writer expects that teacher can understand how game can bring many benefits if it is implemented in language learning classroom. CHAPTER II CONTENT 1. Games for Teaching Young Learners Children like playing games since it allow them to have fun and move around the class. They could involve in the games naturally since it is their world. Children could learn through playing and in playing they could interact and develop the language skills through communication.Games also make a wonderful atmosphere in the classroom. Some researchers said that games could improve childrenâ⠂¬â„¢s learning and can be an effective tool for teaching the language. Besides that, games could be highly motivating since games give competition and also challenge for them. Further, in playing the games they could use the language in real context that would make them have strong memory since games make children use the language instead of thinking about the forms and concepts of the language.Wells (1981) stated that â€Å"in working on first language acquisition, found clear evidence that a child who has a lot of opportunities for negotiating meaning – for making sure that he/she has properly understood what is being said develops language skills more rapidly than a child who does not. Games  can create these opportunities in the foreign language classroom by setting out situations where children urgently need and want to communicate in order to have a turn at playing, to point out the rules, to challenge another player and so on†. Games could cover many language skills.Through games, children can use the language directly, they also listen to the other in other to finish the games. Besides that, language aspects, such as grammar, vocabulary and etc, could be involved in the games. It is based on the teacher’s imagination, creativity, and sensitivity to make the games become useful tool for learning. 2. The Advantages of Games for Teaching Young Learners There are some advantages of using  games as classroom activity, they are: a. Games  could decrease anxiety of learning a new language and it will make the language transfer going smoothly.The children would not feel that they are under pressure. They learn the language in a good and relax atmosphere. In a good, relaxed atmosphere which is created, children would remember things faster, easier and better. b. Games are highly motivating and entertaining. In order words, games bring more fun into the classroom and could give motivation to students since games contain a challenge. c . Games give them new experience of using foreign language that would not available during regular language learning classroom. . Games involve all learners to participate. It means that silent students are also invited to participate and give their contribution in playing the game sp all students have the same opportunity to practice and use the language. e. Furthermore, games give different atmosphere to the classroom activities, break the ice and also can be used to introduce new ideas. According to (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com), there are some reasons of using games for language learning, they are: The first reason why games are so useful is that games make learning fun, children have willingness to participate and are not just present in class because they have to be. Students pay more attention because when they enjoy themselves, they do better, feel better about themselves, and do even better – it is a learning cycle working in their favor. (Vernon, www. tea chingenglishgames. com) †¢ Next reason is playing a game has a purpose and an outcome. In order to play, students have to say things. Therefore, they have a reason to communicate and this makes them want to know and learn more.In addition to this, games stimulate and motivate children to a new level. They know that if they do not pay attention, they will not be able to play the game well and they will let their team down so they make more effort to join in and learn as much as possible. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) †¢ The proverb ‘repetition is the mother of skill’ becomes very meaningful during the games in children’s language class as students get to use the language all the time with a lot of repetition. Although repetition is boring in some cases, during games it is fun for children.Also because of the fun involved in the game a massive amount of vocabulary and grammar can be revised in a short time because it is very difficult for learn ers to remember vocabulary if they never use it. Furthermore, the physical movement involved in some of the games also helps keep children stimulated and alert. Children naturally have a lot of energy and are not good at attending formal lessons for long periods, and so if they participate in a game involving physical movements from time to time, they will never get impatient and bored.Most importantly, the philosophy of encouragement incorporated into these games increases confidence in all students. Usually this does not just mean they get better at only English, but in all subjects in school. This in turn makes the teachers more motivated and optimistic, and they can really make a difference in their lessons. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) †¢ Apart from all this, language games like any other games involve learners in a healthy competition that can help them learn more. â€Å"As long as no one is forced to participate, competition can be positive and encourage pla yer discovery, examination and learning. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) †¢ Thus, creating the right type of language games can foster this healthy, beneficial competition in the classroom. Finally language games create a bond between the teacher and their students, which is fulfilling for the teacher and students alike. In short, if used properly by the teacher, games are excellent ways whereby children have fun and at the same time acquire a language. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) 3. How to Use Games for Teaching In using games for language learning, there are something that should be considered by the teacher they are: . Make sure that the  games  that are going to be used have educational purpose. There is no point in playing a game just for the sake of playing a game. Teacher needs to ensure that all  games  have some sort of teaching  element to it and already modify based on the syllabus’ purpose. For example, the popular game, Ã¢â‚¬Ë œSimon Says’ can help listening skills, the students need to listen for the word ‘Simon’ and the action of the word. Word bingo games also can help the students recognize any new words. b. Considering the level of the students.Teacher needs to  use  games  that are not only good for learning  English  but also games that challenging the students in some way. A game that is too easy for the students will have little educational value and the students will become very bored. c. Choosing games based on the age of students. Chose a game that is appropriate for the age of the students when  teaching. Games  that adults find fun will not usually be fun for children and vice versa. d. Don’t let the children choose the game! If you ask the students to play a game that they know. Children tend choose a game with no educational value.You can always add educational value to your  games  by insisting the loser answers a question, spells a word, etc. Ensure that your game is teaching  at the same time as having fun e. Teacher should have an effort to vary the games. Students of all ages and ability will get bored if you keep doing the same thing over and over again, this also applies when playing games  for  teaching  English to young learners. Many games can be downloaded free from many sources in the internet. In implementing games in the classroom, teacher should be able to give the children clear instruction about how to play the games.It is better to give them direct example rather than give long explanation that might make them feel confused. And also, although games are fun, using games for long period also can make the children feel bored since they repeat the same activity for long period. The teacher should be creative in managing the class so everything could go smoothly. CHAPTER III CLOSURE After all, we can conclude that games as a teaching activity is not just a warm up and icebreaker activity but it can be the main activity in the learning process.Besides that, using games in the classroom activity can make an affective learning atmosphere because it gives many advantages for the language learning, such as: creating a good atmosphere, learning process will be fun and cheerful because the class will be live up, etc. Games also will decrease the chaos that may be faced by the teacher. Besides that, Games create contextual learning for the students. Games that are made for learning activity is not simple as it seem since it need some consideration for making it appropriates to be used as the main activity in the classroom.REFERENCES Ara, Shaheen. (2009). Use of Songs, Rhymes and Games in Teaching English to Young Learners in Bangladesh. Journal of Linguistics 2,3: 161-172 How to teach English using games. (n. d. ). Retrived December 11, 2011, from   http://factoidz. com/how-to-teach-english-using-games/ Yolageldili, Gulin & Arikan, Arda. (2011). Effectiveness of Using Games in Teachin g Grammar to Young Learners. Elementary Education Online 10,1: 219-229 Vernon, S. A. Benefits of using games in the classroom. Retrieved on December 20, 2009, from www. teachingenglishgames. com

An Empirical Comparison of Computer Programming

It is considered to be the compiled and the case sensitive approach which is free form the programming language. It is able to handle the combination of the higher level and the lower level language features. (Sharma et a., 2015). It comprises of the encapsulation, data hiding, inheritance and the polymorphism where there have been building blocks which includes the different variables, data types with the literals. This includes using the writing device drivers with the software that set on direct manipulations of the hardware with the teaching and research. This includes the class, methods, objects and instance variables with the states and behaviours. This has been properly defined as a template with the describing of the objects with the proper typing support. The methods have been based on behaviour with the objects that include set of instance variables. The characters have been based on three character with single character and sequence. The object oriented programming which includes the C and the C++ where the Java has been compiled with the distributed over the web and interpreted by the Virtual Machine with the platform. The Java is designed which includes the mastering of the secured features which enables the developing virus free, tamper-free system. (Eaves, 2016). The authentication techniques with the public key encryption with the architecture neutral generates on architecture based formation with the compiled code execution based on the different processors. With the portable architectural neutral implementation dependent aspects and robust with the multithreaded feature along with construct interactive application. The higher performance with the higher Just-In Time compilers where Java has been able to handle the accessing to the objects. Python has been considered and interpreted to the runtime process which includes the proper handling of the interactive system. (Zhu et al., 2016). This is for the object oriented programming language which encapsulates the code which have been in the object. The support and the development is based on the wider range of the applications to process the different browsers. It is seen that Python is completed easy to learn, read and maintain the system standard library. The interactive modes have been based on holding the debugging of the snippets for the code. The Python has been based on the running of a wider variety of the hardware platforms. This has been for the use of the Practical Extraction and the Report Language where there have been a proper system development, web and the networking programming. (Prechelt et al., 2000). It includes the projects that are for the private and the public sectors that have been able to handle and work on the mark-up languages along with supporting of the Unicode system. The support is based on the procedural and the oriented programming. The set up can be easily embedded into the other system. Prechelt, L. (2000). An empirical comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx and Tcl.  IEEE Computer,  33(10), 23-29. Zhu, X., Whitehead, E. J., Sadowski, C., & Song, Q. (2015). An analysis of programming language statement frequency in C, C++, and Java source code.  Software: Practice and Experience,  45(11), 1479-1495. Sharma, S., Sharma, C. S., & Tyagi, V. (2015, January). Plagiarism detection tool â€Å"Parikshak†. In  Communication, Information & Computing Technology (ICCICT), 2015 International Conference on  (pp. 1-7). IEEE. Eaves, H. L. (2016). Evaluating and Improving the Efficiency of Software and Algorithms for Sequence Data Analysis.

Housing Management (See assingment criteria section for the full Essay

Housing Management (See assingment criteria section for the full question) - Essay Example Some associations provide shared ownership contracts, also, to provide services to people who cannot afford to buy their homes outright. Housing associations in England are funded and regulated by the Housing Corporation. Other governmental bodies perform the same service in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Whales. The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister sponsors the services provided as a non-Departmental Public Body. The Housing Corporation supports communities over the entire country of England by funding the supply and regulating the quality of affordable homes. Regulation by the Corporation makes is easier for those who have circumstances that make it difficult for them to meet their housing needs in the open market. This also includes homeless people, low-income families, and anyone who is in need of supported housing. These associations provide a large scope of housing. Some manage large estates for housing for families, while the smaller ones manage a group of houses for older people. These entities also provide special project housing for people with mental health or learning disabilities, substance abuse problems, homeless people, young people, ex-offenders, and women fleeing domestic violence. The housing associations day-to-day operations are supported by rent and service fees made by the tenants living on the properties. Some of the funding is provided on behalf of the tenants. Housing associations are operated as a commercial entity, but most do not require donations for their daily general activities. New Housing, however, is very different. Its support tends to require subsidies in order to be economically viable. Where the sources of subsidies come from depends on where the association is located The Housing and Regulations Act of 2008 created two bodies of support. One being the Home and Communities Agency that directly deals with funding and regenerated work. And second, the Tenant Services Authority, which provides responsibility for the regul ations. Beginning in 2010 the TSA began regulating all providers of â€Å"social housing.† The associations of these entities are known as Registered Providers of the private, public, and for profit or not-for-profit status. In Northern Ireland the same procedure is handled by the Northern Ireland Housing Executive and in Scotland by the Scottish Government. However, in Whales, this process is handled by the Welsh Assembly Government. Housing associations are generally seen as private entities because they are neither owned nor operated by the state. This has been challenged by many legal rulings in the past few years. In 2004, a ruling by the British government did document housing associations as public bodies for the purpose of procurement. In 2008 the high court in the UK ruled that housing associations were public authorities, and could be subject to judicial review in some instances. The ruling stated.†permeated by state control and influence with a view of meetin g the Government’s aims for affordable housing, and in which RSL, Registered Social Landlords, work side by side with, and can in a very real sense be said to take the place of, local authorities.† This ruling is very politically significant since the housing associations do not currently contribute to the United Kingdom’s public sector borrowing requirement. Although larger housing associations usually have paid staff to manage the association operations, a volunteer board of management is

Examine the impact of the new media on Parliaments and MPs Essay

Examine the impact of the new media on Parliaments and MPs - Essay Example ment should make sure they do whatever it takes to protect a free and independent media as its presence is vital for a functioning democracy as well as good governance (Girard 2002). It is for this reason that make parliament strive to establish a culture through legislation which protects the media. Generally, the aim of this essay is to investigate the effect of new information and communications technologies (ICTs), mostly the internet, upon parliamentary democracy in Britain. This study views three important aspects which the internet puts on parliamentary democracy such as, the practices, principles and rules related to the use of the internet in a parliamentary context. It is hoped that, perception on the development of and issues of e-democracy can be established. To facilitate the media’s operation, Parliament should ensure freedom of expression, rights to information in addition to freedom of the press. According to Rogers (1995) it is important for parliamentarians to participate in debates on how to bring about a balance between the freedom of speech and standards of responsibility on top of decency and quality. In Britain for example, BBC have had a powerful effect on the rising technologies. Earlier, internet domain was delegated to an individual. Domain requests had to be emailed, manually screened and then forwarded to the UK naming committee before processing. Membership was restricted to a certain group of people who were part of a peering arrangement. The naming committee could object to a name and if small number objected then the name was refused. In mid 1990s growth of internet and the introduction of the WWW pushed request for domain name registrations grew to levels that were not manageable. Automation tools were provid ed which formalised the naming process. A good professional relationship should be created between the parliamentarians and journalists for them to fulfil their duties. This relationship is based on mutual respect as well

Sales Managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sales Managment - Assignment Example This paper appproves that in accordance with the facts mentioned by Bakosh, it can be said that this author has laid significant amount of focus on multiple other aspects of motivating sales teams rather than just concentrating on the financial incentive type. As per the author, it is an utmost necessity for managers to lay prime importance in terms of effectively understanding basic employee requirements which include factors such as health, safety, security, social recognition, self-esteem and multiple more. In keeping with the author, these factors are mainly responsible for physically as well as mentally motivating the employees and thus helping them to attain desired organisational objectives. This essay makes a conclusion that for undertaking this field visit and questionnaire assignment, the ‘Hubbard Foods Ltd’ was chosen. This company is an Auckland based organisation and is mainly involved in terms of manufacturing breakfast cereals. The objective of this live assignment was to carry out an open ended questionnaire session with the National Sales Manager of the company Mr Daniel O'Brien. The summarised view of the responses to the posed questions is provided hereunder. In accordance to the first question, Mr O'Brien replied that the company’s sales team was pretty strong and effective in terms of handling every situation either favourable or unfavourable. The team has got significant amount of experience about the domestic market and they seem to be highly self-motivated.

In different ways Beckett and Heaney are both concerned with the Essay

In different ways Beckett and Heaney are both concerned with the limits of communication in their works. Discuss, with reference to Becketts Waiting for Godo - Essay Example On the other hand, there are those who consider the play to be confusing, lacking the ability to communicate with the viewers and without any deeper meaning than is presented prima facie. However, as a tragicomedy, it can be seen to communicate elements of both tragedies and comedies (Beckett, 1952). The hint in the subtitle communicates to the viewers that they should seek out tragic meanings in the comic parts and leads the audience to pay greater attention towards situational humor in the tragic parts of the play. The combination of tragedy and comedy is perhaps the greatest genius of this play and the way it communicates meaning to the audience. Considering the elements of a tragedy we can observe ideas like the death of a hero, an error in judgment made by a character, a character who suffers greatly, a separation from friends and a complete loss of hope. A comedy could give us images like the endurance of a hero, the joy of success, pleasure at reunion and the hero coming over great odds to win a wonderful victory. Clearly, all these elements are present in the play and are worked into situations and conversations between the characters with great skill (Beckett, 1952). However, Beckett does show that the communication of a message is not an easy task since the play is often quite mixed in the message it gives to the audience. For instance, while the heroes are planning to hang themselves, they are also able to think about getting an erection. Not only are they able to think about it, but Estragon is actually quite excited about the hanging since it could lead to an erection. Another element of a comedy comes in as ‘hope’ where they decide to continue waiting for Godot before going further with the idea of hanging themselves (Beckett, 1952). What the audience gets as a communication from Beckett is that the seeking of death to end misery is a perfect element of a

Risk Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Risk Management - Coursework Example Change in management structure Preliminary Risk Analysis Given the fact that there are different priorities for the said project, there is the tendency that there will be major changes in the organizational management to suit some priorities as against others. The preliminary risk analysis would be used as qualitative analysis to identify the undesired event of organizational change and then suggest possible improvements and other suitable preventive mechanisms (Keong, 2002). Unavailability of hardware Hazard and Operability studies (HAZOP) The construction of spacecraft is an engineering project that demands a very high quantum of hardware input. There could however be possible unavailability and shortages. Once this happens, it would constitute an operational hazard (Perry, 2008). To this end, a hazard and operability studies would be useful in the â€Å"application of a formal systematic critical examination of the process and engineering intentions of new or existing facilities to assess the hazard† (Keong, 2002). ... This not withstanding, HAZOP can be used as a qualitative analysis to identify suitable replacements in systems that would not bring about the system requirement changes. Delays in specifications Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(FMEA/FMECA) The project would bring about the need to deal with essential interfaces that would have to be specified on regular time margins. However, there is the risk that these specifications may delay and not arrive on schedule. Such delays may cause failures in implementation, and this is why the failure mode and effects analysis would be necessary in identifying the mode of failure and the threat it would pose to the entire project. Underestimation of project size Fault tree analysis At the preparation stage of project management, extensive time is spent on budgeting and estimation of the project size. There is however the risk that external factors, such as inflation and shortage of hardware could bring about an underestimated project size. The fault tree analysis when used in this analysis would help in building a chronology of all possible causes of the risk so that with the line of cause well known, preventive mechanisms can be schemed towards the risk (Heldman, 2005, p. 132). Underperformance of CASE tool Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(FMEA/FMECA) The nature of the current spacecraft construction demands the preparation of a CASE tool. However, there is the risk that the CASE tool may not performance as much as it should perform. Once this happens, it would be considered a failure and thus a failure mode and effects analysis would be necessary in quantifying the mode of failure and predicting possible scope of effect of the failure on the product. Technological changes Fault tree analysis Technology is one of the

Talk team uk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Talk team uk - Essay Example Accordingly, such noticeable motivations are habitually planned at the organizational level, since they are largely outside the control of departmental managers. Conversely, intrinsic motivation involves rewards that mainly resonates around psychological motivations such as the opportunity to use an individual’s ability, a sense of challenge and achievement, getting appreciation, progressive recognition, and being treated in a considerate and respectful manner. An intrinsically motivated individual, according to ( Walker, 2011) a worker is more committed to his work to the degree to which the job inherently covers tasks that are gratifying to him or her. As such, an extrinsically motivated person is more likely to be committed only to the extent that he gains or receives external rewards for job done. Further, he suggested that for an employee to be motivated in a work environment, there must be requirement that the individual needs to perceive as a possibility of full filling through some reward. Thus, if the reward is intrinsic to the job, such desire or motivation is equally intrinsic. However, if the reward is labelled to be external to the job, the motivation is accordingly described as extrinsic. On this light, good remuneration has been found over the years to be one of the major strategies the organization may embrace an approach to increase their workers performance and at the same increase the organizations productivity. Similarly, with the present global economic trend, most employers of labor have realized the fact that for their organizations to compete favorably, the performance of their employees goes a long way in determining the success of the organization. On the other hand, performance of employees in any organization is important not only for the development of the organization itself but also for the growth of an individual employee. Thus, a firm ought to understand its best workers, those employees that need additional training and those employees not contributing to the efficiency and welfare of the company or organization (Anon., 2013). Equally, performance on the job ought to be assessed at all levels of employment including: personnel decision connecting to promotion, job rotation, and job enrichments among others. Accordingly, such assessment are founded on independent and systematic principles, which includes elements significant to an individual’s ability to perform on the job. Therefore, the overall purpose of performance appraisal is to deliver an accurate measure of how productive a person is executing the task or job they are assigned. Indeed, based on this information, decisions at Talk Team UK ought to be made with an objective of affecting the future of the individual employee and the firm in general. Therefore, a thoughtful evaluation of this firm and its employees performances uncovers the existing weak-nesses or deficiencies in a specific job skill, knowledge, or zones where motivation is missing. As such, since they have been identified, these deficiencies should be remedied through additional training or the provision of the needed rewards and they may take the shape of the following recommendations: Pay Issues: In the business world it is understood that remuneration is the foremost aspect in workers motivation. At Talk Team UK, this has not been the practice since it is a fact that workers are paid at the minimum wage of ?6.08 per hour in addition to the

Facebook IPO Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Facebook IPO - Article Example This will make Facebook the world’s leading social network by capitalization considering that its value will stand at $104 billion at the share offering. The social network is on course to raise $16 billion through its initial public offer. The company will certainly rank among major share offering in the United States taking into consideration that Facebook stands third behind Visa and General Motors. The IPO has undoubtedly portrayed a profound revolution and growth of the company, which was formed eight years ago in Harvard as a dormitory project. The social network will be issuing 420 million common stock shares of which Facebook will sell 180 million of its share while an additional of 241 million shares will come from previous shareholders. After the initial public offer Facebook will be ranked among the most valuable US technology corporations, where key players such as Amazon, Google, Cisco and Apple owns the majority stake in the industry. Background Facebook is the w idely known and used social network. Facebook first entry was in 2004 and had accumulated over one million users within one year. Statistics shows that the number was around 100 million users in December 2008 and 200 million in June 2009, which is doubling of the figure in six months period. Currently, this social network is globally recognized and available in 4 languages (English, French, Spanish and German) and sources say it is spreading its wings to include 22 more languages (Weir, 2008). Facebook is preferred for its user-friendly applications, such as Facebook Online Chat, launched in 2008 and this feature is a popular real time messaging market applications. Facebook is a global with hundreds of millions people using it to inter-connect and check in on friends/relatives, upload photos, share videos and links, meet new friends and have updates of how their friends are fairing (Facebook, 2010). Market Competition According to Nick Wingfield, author of the article, Apple vs Fac ebook, these two companies are not big rivals or competitors. According to the author the companies’ relations is comparative to the relationship between United States and China. These companies have immense powers in their own right. They are neither friends, nor hostile to each other. The apparent reason why Apple and Facebook are not rivals is because Facebook don’t develop operating system, computers, mobiles and tablets. Implications for Competition (Rivalry among the Companies) Apple’s social network, Ping, is not such popular apart from its users who have musical preferences on iTunes. It is obvious that its creation was not meant to challenge Facebook. Apple’s late CEO, Steven P. Jobs, professed that he admired the Facebook CEO and co-founder Mr. Mark Zuckerberg. He hailed praises to Mr. Zuckerberg for his role of trying to build a lasting Silicon Valley company and not selling it. Recently, tension has been realized between the two companies. Aft er Ping introduction to the market two years ago, the two companies could not agree on how to integrate Facebook with the Ping services. This would have enabled users to use Ping to interact with their Facebook friends. Mr. Jobs told one of the reporters that Apple could not work with Facebook on the Ping issue as Facebook was demanding difficult terms they could not agree on. Strategic Alliances Facebook launched alliances in the summer of 2008, with Netflix and Apple to promote Facebook Connect. With regards to Apple, the platform allowed Apple to use Facebook Connect to promote its products. Netflix members were able to link their Facebook and netflix accounts through the Facebook Connect. This helped to expand communication by making it possible for Netflix users to

Human Resource Development Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Development Essay In both definitions we see that learning was in some form mentioned as being part of human resource development, and from further understanding of HRD we see that learning is important in all aspects of HRD efforts. According to the text Human Resource Management by Jon M. Werner and Randy L. DeSimone they defined learning a relatively permanent change in behavior, cognition, or affect that occurs as a result of one’s interaction with the environment. There are three basic principles of learning contiguity, the law of effect and practice. Practice is stated to be repeating the event with the hope that it will increase the strength of what is being taught. For example in any sporting area practice is needed to strengthen the players and so to in the business environment. In understanding how practice works in order to maximize learning we look at the primary area of the training design under the categories of conditions of practice and retention of what is learned. There are at least six issues that relate to practice and learning they are; active practice, massed versus spaced practice sessions, whole versus part learning, overlearning ,knowledge of result and task sequences. From the six issues the three that I would considers using are; Active practice proposes that the individual who is being taught should be given the opportunity to repeatedly perform the task or use the knowledge being learned. For example surgeons, rescue squad, pilots, just to name a few should be given avenues to practice hat they learned. Same goes for training the mechanics to install the automobile air-conditioners using the new installation procedures, if the mechanics are allowed to practice the theory that was taught it would leave room for better understanding of what is required of them and result in better outcomes on the jobs confirming , that the new procedures was learnt. Massed versus spaced practice involve whether the training should be conducted in one session or divided into segments separated by a period of time. Studies have shown that spaced practice sessions lead to better performance and longer retention but are more effect for difficult and complex tasks, however the task at hand isn’t difficult and can be taught in one session. Overlearning is practice beyond the point at which the material or task is mastered. This is another condition in which the trainers can implement when training the mechanics to install the air conditioners using the new procedures, giving the mechanics enough opportunities to keep practicing the task will soon become simple The goal goes beyond the trainee learning the task or material but also retaining it. There are three additional issues that influence retention; these are the meaningfulness of the material, the degree of original learning and interference. The more meaningful and factual the information is the easier it is learned and remembered and since the new procedure is important for the installation of the air conditioners the mechanics would seek more interest and retain the information effectively , as they would see it fit to keep their jobs and acquire more customers. Secondly for the mechanics to continually retain the information being learned there should be little or no interference or it should be taken into consideration when training. This meaning that sometimes the knowledge of the old procedure might affect the way the mechanics learn the new procedure also if new steps are added while installing the air conditioner in a different vehicle it can cause confusion in the learning process. The case of the new Employee Assistant Programme Act, since it is an act where information may be presented in a document and the managers can always refer to it when needed, I would suggest using the conditions of active practice. This being the Employees Assistance Programme Act would be something that they would have to implement everyday so it would certainly give the managers the opportunity to perform the task and use the knowledge being used. Also because there is no real step by step process of implementing the act then the conditions of a massed practice session can be put in place, for example a meeting can be held where all managers are taught and given an explanation of the act and why it is necessary, as well as the document of the act where they can refer to when needed. By giving an explanation and ensure the managers what is the purpose and the reason for the Employee Assistant Programme Act , it leaves room for better retention since they are aware of the meaningfulness of they are being taught. Also distinguishing the difference from similar acts can reduce the interference of confusion and misunderstands. In conclusion if the these conditions and retentions are used in the training design both the employees and the managers can experience maximum learning and show that in order to learn practice is required. Read more: http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/human-resource-development-HRD. html#ixzz2MgJJc071

George Walker Bush Essay Example for Free

George Walker Bush Essay George Walker Bush became the President of United States of America on January 20, 2001. As the President of U. S, he had taken many wrong decisions that affected the economy and foreign policy of U. S. He was successful in lying, cheating, killing and drinking his way to the top. He was victorious in his supposed war of terrorism on two countries and continuously killing and harming innocents. George Bush’s War on Terrorism George Walker Bush has not been successful as a President. As a leader, he assumed near absolute power soon after the September 11, 2001, attacks. He led the war against terrorism and championed both the USA Patriot Act and Homeland Security Department domestically which allowed his government’s to take up absolute power over the aspects of the international war on terrorism which included establishment of military tribunals and removing fundamental rights long recognized under the American law. Again Bush was successful in acting unilaterally by expanding his authority as he saw fit to accomplish his aims and objective without any regard to any of the fundamental rights of human beings which all people have whether they are American or not (Altman, 24). He was successful in launching his war of terrorism shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks. Like a dictator, he ordered the Taliban to surrender Osama Bin Laden. In response, Taliban tried their level best to bring Bin Laden to be trialed under Islamic law. At this, Bush made the decision to invade Afghanistan. After successfully capturing Afghanistan, the U. S captured various prisoners who he believed were associated to Al-Queda. The trouble was that many of the so called accomplices to Al-Qaeda were teenagers. Bush next target was to attack Iraq. In early 2002, Bush declared that Iraqis were developing weapons of mass destruction. He also announced that Iraqi regime was responsible for developing anthrax, nerve gas and nuclear weapons for over a decade (Andrew, 52). Based on this assumption, the United Nations sent a group of inspectors to Iraq to investigate on it. After a systematic and comprehensive search, the UN announced that were no nuclear weapons in Iraq but this was not sufficient answer for Bush. He took the decision to invade Iraq in March, 2003. There was no approval of force found with the United Nations. By doing this, Bush broke all global war agreements. His main intention to wage war on Iraq was for oil. By attacking Iraq, he is getting $5million out of Iraq per week. On attacking Iran, Bush decided to withdraw from the World Court of Law and made a decision that the policies and guidelines of United Nations were completely irrelevant. This showed that Bush’s intentions were to invade Iraq at any cost in order to get control of the oil fields. Bush as a leader George Bush with the help of Clarence Thomas has taken the most far-reaching and drastic standpoint, encouraging the government’s right to confine even American citizens as adversary opponents without allegations. The former deputy assistant legal representative in Bush’s Office of Legal Counsel, John Yoo, stand for president’s right to order torment if he considers it essential for nationwide security. It’s not surprising to know that Bush is considered an imperial president who is transgressing assembly and establishing is own laws (Bacevich, 36). The significance of this is the detail that Bush is implementing unrestricted authority and influence and getting away with it because of his campaign in the name of freedom and terrorism. As the president of United States of America, Bush has failed to defend America’s freedom and has given birth to his own democracy. He views all threats to his ultimate power as unpatriotic and he had used this early in the war effort and removal of Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan and invading Iraq on false account. Because of his actions, the constitution of United States of America has become meaningless. George Bush has acted more like an imperialist rather than president by imposing his views on the local and overseas affairs calling for removal of other nation’s leaders for the name of democracy. Bush and Education in United States He had passed the No Child Left Behind Act which was suppose to aid schools achieve better grade levels and improved state tests. However, Bush had failed to provide adequate resources to help schools to accomplish the standards of the act (Balmer, 69). Bush and United States Economy When Bush started his term as the president of United States, he made many tax deductions that generally assisted the wealthy. Money that was earned through stock ownership was not taxed but money that was earned by hardworking individuals was to be taxed. The unemployment rate in Bush reign has increased from 4. 2% to 5. 6%. About 2. 4 million jobs were lost in 2003. The unemployment rate went to 9% in 2005. Surveys conducted in 2005 showed that there are 9 million American who are unemployed. The unemployment rate among those aged 16-24 was 13% in 2005 (Blumenthal, 74). Although Bush proposed to eliminate Youth Opportunity Grant program that aims to give training to youngsters. A $225 million program in 2002 was being done away. His proposal of free trade agreements resulted in the loss of job in the United States of America to global market and taking advantage of workers from developing countries (Barber, 39). Bush and Environmental Issues Bush had approved the Clear Skies Act that challenges the Clean Air Act. The Clean Skies Act allows about 9. 9 million tons of varied chemical toxins to be released in air than the Clean Air Act would have if it was implemented. Bush also failed to defend 3 million acres of Tongass National Forest from logging and also had the maximum concentration of bald eagles on earth. He also withdrew from the Kyoto agreement on global warming which had been agreed upon by more than 170 countries (Benjamin, 98). He had also made frequent efforts to authorize oil drilling in the National Wildlife Refuge. Other Facts about Bush He has cut funding for about 375000 low income college students and reduced Pell Grant amounts to such a drastic level that it efficiently caused about 84000 students to be no longer being suitable for Pell Grants. Pell amounts have been cut down for 1. 5 million students. He backed out from the International Criminal Court. He was also the first president in US history who rejected the United Nations Election Inspectors. He had taken 11 authorized measures to undermine reproductive rights. He is also the first president of United States who had criminal record. He had also slashed financial support that was provided to women against violence. He also responsible for 521 billion dollar financial plan shortage in less than period of four years after inheriting 200 billion dollar surplus Conclusion The evaluation of George Walker Bush as the President of United States and compared to previous presidents proves that he was the wrong choice for United States of America. With military troops dying and no end to war, Bush has strained relations with other foreign countries. The strong backing of many nations has been lost by the United States because of Bush’s wrong choices. There have been immense modifications that have occurred due to Bush Administration. Digging deep into the economical, social and political features of U. S, Bush has changed the face of U. S. Work Cited: Altman, Daniel. Neoconomy: George Bush’s Revolutionary Gamble with America’s Future. New York: Public Affairs, 2004, 2005. Andrew, Christopher. For the President’s Eyes Only: Secret Intelligence and the American Presidency From Washington to Bush. New York: Harper Collins, 2007. Bacevich, Andrew J. American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U. S. Diplomacy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002. Balmer, Randall. Thy Kingdom Come: How the Religious Right Distorts the Faith and Threaten’s America, An Evangelical’s Lament. New York: Basic Books, 2006. Barber, Benjamin R. Fear’s Empire: War, Terrorism, and Democracy. New York: W. W. Norton, 2003, 2004. Benjamin, Daniel and Steven Simon. The Age of Sacred Terror: Radical Islam’s War Against America. New York: Random House, 2004. Blumenthal, Sidney. How Bush Rules: Chronicles of a Radical Regime. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006.

Consumer Behavior In Malaysia Marketing Essay

Consumer Behavior In Malaysia Marketing Essay As many researchers have been asserted that good store image of retail stores able mean the success or failure of the business. This review will focus on the variables that the further study will centre on. This focus and previous research conclusions will be included in the chapters of the store image where the variables are integrated. 2.1 Consumer Behavior in Malaysia Malaysias consumer lifestyle has been evolving and changing due in part to rising affluence and education levels. High profile international retailers and the global mass media have also played a hand in shaping consumer-buying behavior. Malaysians are becoming more westernized, sophisticated and cosmopolitan. Malaysians spend a high percentage of their household income on food, groceries and personal care items, ranking third out of the ten major economies in the Asia-Pacific region (excluded Japan). According to ACNielsen, Malaysians on average spent MYR505 per month on food and groceries, with just under half of that on fresh food like meat, fruits and vegetables. Since the emergence of the foreign-owned hypermarkets, Malaysians who live in urban areas have become accustomed to shopping for groceries at hypermarkets and supermarkets. Meanwhile rural people continue to purchase from traditional grocers, convenience stores and mini-marts. High and middle-income households spend most of their money at hypermarkets, followed by supermarkets and traditional grocery stores. The high-income group has household income of more than MYR3500 per month. 2.2 Retail Store Growth and Evolution Large-size store becomes a trend in the global. Hypermarkets are one of the manifestations of organized retailing. Srivastava (2008) observes that organized retailing, globally, has played a major role in nations GDP and employment. According to Srivastava, the ratio (composition) of organized versus traditional retailing is increasing in countries such as the US (85:15), Taiwan (81:19), Malaysia (55:45), Thailand (40:60), Indonesia (30:70), China (20:80), and India (3:97). The data in parenthesis describes the organized versus traditional ratio of retailing for each country. Offering large premises with both food and non-food items, everyday low prices (EDLP), and large car parks; the hypermarket format has been in existence for more than 35 years since the inauguration of Carrefour (the first French hypermarket) on 15 June 1963 (Roberts, 2005). The phenomenal success of hypermarkets in France affected other formats so adversely that certain legal restrictions were imposed on them. To counter the restrictions, the internationalization of French hypermarkets began in the 1970s, when Carrefour went global to countries such as Spain, Brazil and Argentina (Roberts, 2005). Carrefour along with other leading French chains such as Euromarche, Auchan and Leclerc subsequently marked their presence in the US market too between 1985 and 1993 (Roberts, 2005). The evolution of hypermarkets was quite revolutionary and their growth rate far surpassed the traditional formats in different parts of the world. In Spain, the number of traditional outlets dedicated to the retail food business fell by almost 50% between 1980 and 1995, where hypermarkets and supermarkets multiplied 6 and 11 respectively during that period (Flavian and Polo, 1998). In a similar manner, Taiwans traditional farmers markets disappeared at rates between 3-5% per year with the opening of at least 100 new supermarkets and 50 new hypermarkets all over Taiwan between 1988 and 1996 (Chang and Tu, 2005). Supermarkets and hypermarkets almost doubled to 941 from 544 in the Czech Republic too, in a time span of seven years, acquiring 55% of total retail sales (Healey Baker, 2002). 2.3 Store Formats 2.3.1 Hypermarket Hypermarket has clearly emerged as one of the most important retailing entity in most countries, offsetting the traditional and supermarket (Barros, 2006). Malaysian had her first hypermarkets opened for business in 1994. According to the Economic Transformation Programme announced in October 2010, Malaysia has 121 hypermarkets, included Giant, Tesco, Carrefour, Mydin. The general rule for one hypermarket is for every 250,000 people. The evolution of the various retail formats, in one way or the other, customers benefit by having greater access and choice. The concept of all the items under one roof has been submitted to different customers and have brought some changes in their preferences and behavior. With the presence of hypermarkets, customer expectations have changed and their importance to the acquisition have been affected (Oruc N, 2005); Terblanche and Boshoff, 2004; Vignali et al., 2001). Expectations and preferences, was different in different cultural environments, the study aimed to study the perceptions of consumers and their preferences on the store image of traditional wet markets and hypermarkets. 2.3.2 Traditional Wet Market A traditional wet market is an open food market, it is also called as traditional market (Wordie, 2002). The main features of the market have been traditionally associated with a place that sells live animals. The raw meat may include poultry, fish, reptiles, and so on. Depending on the region, the animals are usually caged and killed for the preparation. Fresh fruits and vegetables are also available. Wet markets usually include butchers and fish markets, which are in a separate section of the fruit and vegetable stalls. The highest hygiene standards of supermarkets have forced many traditional markets to operate in the interior. In general, the owner of a wet market, owns and maintains the building. The stalls are rented to retailers, who buy and sell their products independently. This is in contrast to a hyper store operated by a single company. In 2011, a total of 23 traditional wet markets and 3075 stalls inside the traditional wet markets in Penang Island are belong to Penang Municipal Council (Majlis Perbandaran Pulau Pinang, MPPP). 2.4 Store image Store image can be described as a concept of the way of consumers see a store in their mind, regarding touchable or untouchable attributes. It is a way of the store being defined in the consumers mind, partly is functional qualities of the store and partly is the atmosphere of psychological attributes of the store (Martineau, 1958). The store image will affect the shoppers buying behavior and this was a conceptualization with included store attributes by the researchers (James et. Al, 1976). Besides that, store image is also described as the concept of combination of consumers or shoppers perceptions of a store on different attributes (Bloemer and Ruyter, 1998). There are several researchers ever tried to identify the store attributes as these are the foundation of the overall image of the store. According to Lindquist (1974), store image have 9 elements, included vending, consumer, facilities, service, comfort, promotion, atmosphere, institutional and post transaction satisfaction. Later on, Doyle and Fenwick (1974) simplified and categorized the store image to 5 elements: price, product, variety, styling and location. While addition attributes of parking facilities and friendly personnel has been put forward by Bearden (1978). According McGoldrick (1990), the image is the indicator of the asset value of the branding, it corresponds with the long-run result of retailing activities. The understanding of the relationship between image and buying behavior of consumers are very important for better strategies in attracting consumers. 2.5 Consumers perception On Store Image 2.5.1 Variety of Goods The main attraction of the retail store is the trading of the goods. According Lindquist (1974), the main components of trading goods are quality, variety and selection of the goods. The stores which provide variety of goods will never lose its attraction. According Golledge et al. (1966), assortment or variety of the goods offers shoppers with more choices and enhances the ability of the stores to satisfy their needs. This makes them unnecessary to visit different stores to fulfill their needs. Based on this reason, a large size of stores such as supermarket or hypermarket has advantage in the retail sector, this kind of store able provide variety choice to consumers and makes them has benefit in reducing their time in visiting different stores (Huff, 1962). Thus, the stores which are able to provide variety and assortment of goods and services have their advantage to attract more consumers and to be preferred by the consumers as well. 2.5.2 Store Atmosphere Atmospheric of a retail store is a very important element. Atmospherics of retail store is the effort to design retail environments to produce specific emotional effects in the consumer that enhance his buying probability (Kotler, 1974). Ghosh (1994) found that atmospherics of store refers to the environment that is brought about by a coordinated visual display of goods and the ease of accessibility and mobility within the retail store. Moreover, Donovan and Rossiter (1982) assert that the physical surrounding will produce an emotional reaction and directly affected the consumers buying behavior. Thus, atmospheric of store becomes a strategy of the retailers, providing a favorable environment with spacious space, clean and comfortable, lighting and so on to affected shopping behavior of consumers. Thus, atmospheric of store is a key factor in stimulating consumers perception and retail store with attractive atmosphere increase preference of consumers. 2.5.3 Quality of Service Consumer patronage of retail stores often extends beyond the impact of the acquisition of goods. Bitner et al. (1994) describes the visiting of consumer to retail stores usually considers as a recreational activity whose dignity is enhanced by the level of service within the store. Thus, the quality of service has great affected to the consumers buying behavior (Shycon, 1992). As describe by Lindquist (1974), service includes giving information of goods, answering to consumer question, showing the goods location and so on. With providing this kind of service, consumers are able to find the goods and service in the retailer store in shorter time. Reynolds and Beatty (1999) asserted that service or retail store is to strengthen the relationship between retail store and consumer, it encourage them prefer to visit the store again in the future. 2.5.4 Accessibility of Retail Store Retail stores that are ease on accessible able to reduce the travel time between home and stores. Consumers time and effort in obtaining the service convenience will influence their buying behavior (Grewal et al., 2002). Eppli and Shilling (1996) described the easier the retail store be accessible, the more preferred by the consumers. The location of retail store can be determined whether the establishment of the store success or failure. Retail stores that provide car parks may have larger catchment to adjacent area to the consumers who own private vehicle, as Lindquist (1974) assert that accessibility as having a convenient location and this includes parking facilities. While stores which are equipped bus stops will increase the accessibility as well. Thus, better accessibility of retail store able to reduce the travel time and fewer barrier is likely to be preferred by consumers. 2.5.5 Price of Goods Compare to the promotion and goods variety, the influences of price to consumer shopping behavior have less important (Fox et al., 2004). On the other hand, Sieder and Costley (1994), assert a different point of view, they observed that pricing is a major determinant of store choice in the retail store shopping context. According to their study, the result reported that perception of goods pricing inter-related with their preference in choosing a store. Most of the consumer will take consideration of the pricing of the goods before going to shop at a particular retail store. Price is a determinant in store choice and to be a key factor of patronage motivations, this study was also linked the pricing policies to consumers perception and shopping behavior. 2.5.6 Quality of Goods Retail stores have an image of providing goods in better or lower quality and have influenced the decision which is made by consumer as where to go (Schiffman et al., 2007). The pricing of the goods is inter-related with design of the physical environment of the retail store, product variety, and service and so on. Alba et al. (1994) assert that a study of comparative pricing strategies found that buyers prefer to buy in the store that offers discount on a smaller number of products (for example, the frequency of price advantage) that have lower prices for overall compare to a store which is offering bigger discounts on a small number of items (eg, the magnitude of price advantage). 2.5.7 Store Displays Store displays were in purpose for promotion in older time. Nowadays, the store displays have new role for effective displays. Bell and Ternus (2002) described that store displays have been discovered new role in displaying product information, helping the shopper in making decisions, and creating attractive shopping environment.

The Waste Land Essay -- Literary Analysis, T.S. Eliot

Faulkner presents sexual desire in The Sound and the Fury as a paradox of both entrapment and freedom. As he works his way through the nonlinear piece, information about sexuality of the characters, sexual symbols, and unfilled desire present themselves, each commenting on one another directly and indirectly. T. S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Waste Land† serves as a helpful lens in understanding the requirements to escape the waste land of the ruined Compson family by providing a backdrop on which The Sound and the Fury can be projected. In The Sound and the Fury, Faulkner experiments with the placement of the individual in respect to time and other characters in order to introduce sexual discourse in a way that comments on the necessity of sexual understanding in the modern world. T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Waste Land† offers an interpretation of the modern world that on one hand underscores the disillusionment of the future in a world that is fragmented and bare, and on the other hand, presents a case for recognizing freedom and meaning in the â€Å"heap of broken images† that make up the modern climate. The opening segment â€Å"The Burial of the Dead† looks toward a future that is composed of fragments and paradox. The fragments in the waste land that is presented are that of memory. More specifically, the fragments represent a failure in the human condition to connect memories of the past to those of the present in a way that is hopeful and inspiring. Jewel Spears Brooker and Joseph Bentley present this concept in Reading the Waste Land: Modernism and the Limits of Interpretation. Here they describe a waste land in which â€Å"She [Marie] perceives the dualistic and paradoxical present as cruel because, in remembering the past and intuiting the future, sh... ...cter’s sexual desires but rather puts forth bits of imagery to suggest a meaning. This allows for the reader to interpret which version of sexual desire is the best. In a way, the text offers as many interpretations of sexuality in the modern sense as there are readers since the source of sexual desire is not always clearly stated. Faulkner implements in this way a circular logic to understand sexuality in the modern world, it is the cause of moral decay in the modern world, yet sexual desire is born out of the need to piece together the modern world in some way. Ultimately, one can read The Sound and the Fury through the lens of Eliot’s â€Å"The Waste Land† to gather the importance of hanging on to just enough of the past while surging toward the future, allowing desires to take hold and guide the characters to a destination that offers insight into one’s self.

Health Care :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Kerry says that he will try to get a stronger affordable healthcare. Over the last three years family premiums increased more than three thousand five hundred and twelve as well as prescription drugs. They have grown four times more and quicker than ever. Now that shows that Kerry will try to improve these high price increases. These costs have hurt our economy. And we do deserve a President that will not make these American family’s become broke. That is pretty much what Bush was doing for the past three years. Kerry mentions that he will try hard to prevent this. Instead of spending three thousand five hundred and twelve a year, Kerry will help us save money by spending only one thousand a year. All the other extra money that Bush would cause us to use we can spend on things like shopping for grocery’s. He will lower the price of prescription drugs, use taxes cuts and most importantly to give a high-quality coverage to ninety-five percent of Americans. To make affordable health care a right not a privilege. I honestly really do agree with this comment one hundred percent. The four main things that John Kerry will do that will help us Americans save more money and afford healthcare. One way is to cut your premiums. To cover all Americans with quality care. To cut the price of prescription drugs. And lastly to cut waste and inefficiency. Bush believes that Americans should be able to have affordable health care. He will not be shifting costs to tax payers. He provides affordable health care for those who deserve it most. Unlike Kerry he said he will try to provide affordable health care to not only the people who need it most but to all Americans and it will be a right not a privilege. Bush mentions the five important things that he has done as a president and will try to continue these things. One was he allowed Americans to own and control their health care. That is a very idiotic comment because we by the health care so of course we should own it Health Care :: essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Kerry says that he will try to get a stronger affordable healthcare. Over the last three years family premiums increased more than three thousand five hundred and twelve as well as prescription drugs. They have grown four times more and quicker than ever. Now that shows that Kerry will try to improve these high price increases. These costs have hurt our economy. And we do deserve a President that will not make these American family’s become broke. That is pretty much what Bush was doing for the past three years. Kerry mentions that he will try hard to prevent this. Instead of spending three thousand five hundred and twelve a year, Kerry will help us save money by spending only one thousand a year. All the other extra money that Bush would cause us to use we can spend on things like shopping for grocery’s. He will lower the price of prescription drugs, use taxes cuts and most importantly to give a high-quality coverage to ninety-five percent of Americans. To make affordable health care a right not a privilege. I honestly really do agree with this comment one hundred percent. The four main things that John Kerry will do that will help us Americans save more money and afford healthcare. One way is to cut your premiums. To cover all Americans with quality care. To cut the price of prescription drugs. And lastly to cut waste and inefficiency. Bush believes that Americans should be able to have affordable health care. He will not be shifting costs to tax payers. He provides affordable health care for those who deserve it most. Unlike Kerry he said he will try to provide affordable health care to not only the people who need it most but to all Americans and it will be a right not a privilege. Bush mentions the five important things that he has done as a president and will try to continue these things. One was he allowed Americans to own and control their health care. That is a very idiotic comment because we by the health care so of course we should own it

Religion, Creation Stories, and Creation Myths Essay -- Theology Relig

Religion, Creation Stories, and Creation Myths One of the fundamental questions that religions seek to answer is that of origin. How was man put on earth? Why and from what was he created? Who created him? What does his creation imply about the status of human beings? Some or all of these questions are answered by a religion’s creation stories. Every religion’s creation myths attempt to give solutions to problems present to that religious society. Because of this, each religion may have one or more creation stories, each of those different from one another in the questions they ask and the answers they give. Genesis In the Western world, the most well-known creation story is in Genesis (Myth A), in the Old Testament of the Bible. Surprisingly, even the Bible does not relate only a single account of Creation. In the book of Genesis itself, one can find two versions of the Creation of the world that are similar in idea, but different in content and detail. The story in Genesis I claims that God created the world and everything comprising it in six days. On the first day, God created Day and Night. Next came Sky, then Earth, and then Stars and Sun on the fourth. The fifth day was used to create water and sky dwelling creatures, and finally, on the sixth day, God created all the animals of Earth, finishing with mankind. In this version of the creation story, God created man and woman together, on the sixth day. The seventh day was Sabbath, saved for rest. However, another version of Creation exists in Genesis II, which relates the more popular story of Adam and Eve. Genesis II starts by telling how God rested on the seventh day and then goes into elaboration of the creation of mankind. This seems to imply ... ...telligent species in the universe. We cannot possibly fathom what plan this higher power has, or even if a plan exists, and any attempts to do so would be futile. Instead, we must live this life doing what we believe to be true and right, ideas we ourselves created and so only we can live by. Works Cited Deussen, Paul. The Philosophy of the Upanishads. New York: Dover Punblications, 1966. Eliade, Mircea. Essential Sacred Writings from Around the World. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1967 Freund, Philip. Myths of Creation. New York: Washington Square Press, 1965. Heidel, Alexander. The Babylonian Genesis. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1954. The Holy Bible. King James Version. Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, 2000. The Rig Veda: An Anthology. Betty Radice, ed. London: Penquin Books, Ltd, 1981.

The Positive Effects of Athletics and Education

Samantha Buehler English 112 Mrs. Schaefer 2/25/13 The Positive Effects of Athletics and Education Academic learning and Sport Education are actually the complementariness of each other. They are the two sides of the same coin, which go hand and hand with each other. If education and athletics make a full development of the over-all personality of a person possible, he or she gets the qualities of leadership, tolerance, sharing and team-spirit from sports.In the article â€Å"The Positive Effects of Athletics On Educations† by Matt Blackburn(71) states that athletics has shown the improve the work ethic, increase the self- esteem, and increase the academic performance and achievement of the student-athletes involved. But according to the article â€Å"Contrary to Popular Belief: Athletics, A Negative Effect on Education† by Jake Cartwright states, In this country, athletics are seen as a great stepping stones for students to develop character, learn valuable skills, and they further aid in the everyday education of students.However, too many people are naive as to the truth about what effects athletics truly have on a student’s education. But with that said, I agree with Matt Blackburn and see that there are many positive effects of athletics in education and believe he proves his opinion very well. As I go on how athletics and education are complimentary of each other, I will discuss how education and athletics go hand and hand, and the positive benefits of Athletics. The mental development, including the power of reasoningof course comes from the academics.It, therefore, becomes necessary that education should result in the mental, moral and physical development of a student, which comes from athletics because while he or she participates in a sport, he or she develops how to have good work ethic and self-esteem according to Blackburn(71). But no one can deny that unfortunately, the present day system of education has too much stress on m ental development for a student. In the article â€Å"In College Classroom, the Problem is High school Athletics,† by Steven Conn states, American higher education bears some measure of the esponsibility. There are number of reasons that high school sports follow the lead of college sports becoming more professionalized. Athletes are becoming more and more competitive because they want that scholarship to a college and because of that the athletes drive off of education and athletics. But f or an all-round development of a child to get to that point, the curriculum should include sports and games and health education at a young age. A balance amount of school time should be devoted to Sports and Education.Sports and Education need to be introduced with all eagerness, because mental and moral development is just not possible without physical development. We must remember that a strong and healthy student will be more eager to stay focus with school and educations, who will set goals and will also gain life skills and knowledge for their future according to J. D. Robinson (101), the student/athlete, will develop more scholarly in education with experience of athletics. Not only will the athlete be scholar in education but will also build great self-esteem that will carry with them into the class room because they will see that hard work pay off.According to Matt Blackburn, athletics does build the self-esteem of student-athletes by providing them with opportunities to set and achieve goals. As athletes accomplish these goals their self-esteem and self-confidence skyrocket, and many times this boost of self-confidence is carried over into endeavors, including academics. A healthy and strong body is not possible without sports. The development of body is very essential in life. All our physical enjoyments, and even mental enjoyments, depend upon our body. All our degrees and achievements will be of no use without a good healthy personality.Life is a struggl e and the person with a healthy and strong body alone can face it successfully. Besides promoting health and strength, sports develop many good qualities to the athlete and with a healthy athlete he or she will have a healthy life style. They strengthen the power of endurance and promote discipline. Young men and women are trained to face defeat with a smile and maintain composure even in victory. Games are the greatest and the healthiest means of refreshment and recreation. They fill one with joy, drive, endurance and energy, which help a person a lot in facing the actual odds of life without yielding to gloom.So sports are not only essential but also necessary for an all-round development of the personality. The famous saying, â€Å"The battle of Waterloo was won on the play-grounds of Eton,† correctly and relevantly sums up the importance of sports in education even though people will still have questions of how athletics and education go hand and hand. Those people who st ill have those questions just do not see the joy in an athlete. Having athletics and academics can certainly strengthen a person all around and will give them an advantage to life. References Blackburn, M. (2012). The Positive Effects of Athletics on Education. † In The Popken writer, (pp. 71-74). Boston: Houghton-Mifflin Co. , Cartwright, J. (2012). â€Å"Contrary to Popular Belief: Athletics, A Negative Effect on Education ( A Response to Matt Blackburn). † In The Popken writer, (pp. 103-105). Boston: Houghton-Mifflin Co. , CONN, S. (2012). In College Classrooms, the Problem Is High School Athletics. Education Digest, 78(4), 21-24. Robinson J. D. (2012). â€Å"A Point of View of Athletics and Education: A Response to Matt Blackburn. † In The Popken writer, (pp. 101-102). Boston: Houghton-Mifflin Co.

Race Is Real Essay

In society, people socially construct institution based on sensory perception. Race is in fact a social construct made from systems of constitutive rules. It is used to generalize people into specific groups characterized by supposedly distinctive and universal physical characteristics. Although humans have created this entity, there are many sources that provide proof that race is impossible to define biologically. Since colonization began, humans have been given racial identities which continue to cause uproar in nations and states. People simply assuming the existence of race makes it real. Despite this, the assumption of the existence of race does not make it valid. Race cannot be objectively specified, and it should be seen as a whole. There is only one human race. D’Andrade classifies a constitutive rule as â€Å"an entity created by the social agreement that something counts as that entity† (91). A simple understanding of a constitutive rule is a rule that exists only because society believes in it, and adheres to it. Marriage is a clear example of how constitutive rules create a social entity; it exists solely on the fact that a culture agrees that it exists, and agrees on the general guidelines in which it exists. Generally speaking, constitutive rules rely on people’s adherence and shared thoughts to exist. D’Andrade explains the differences between constitutive and regulative rules. Regulative rules are those which provide guidelines and restrictions for existing forms of behavior. A regulative rule is not involved with the creation or elimination of an entity, whereas a constitutive rule does exactly that through social agreement. D’Andrade said that â€Å"Institutions are systems of constitutive rules. Every institutional fact is underlain by a system of rules of the form ? X counts as Y in context C'† (91). In this formula, X is the ideas that a culture believes in, Y represents the institutions and rules that those ideas count as, and C is the specific situation or culture. Constitutive rules define situations and/or subjects that have an effect on the reactions which come from the situation itself. The entity of family is an example of this. The systems of ideas that make up what we consider family are constitutive rules. Families can be classified into different categories including immediate and biological families, teams/teammates, religious groups, organizations and/or clubs. In this example, C is considered the American culture and the different ideas of what makes up a family is X. Although many believe family to be biological, even the boundaries of that can be argued. The considerations of family types are indistinguishable throughout the world. Those involved within families, especially close immediate families tend to pursue and enjoy a contented lifestyle. Many families strive to be involved with those within the family and help out one another. This positive involvement can also be seen within a team or organization of some sort that may grow to call themselves a family. Since it is socially constructed, the exact definition of family is hard to create and so all these groups may be considered family. Although a family is usually viewed as a positive aspect in one’s life, just like other constitutive rules, they are overlooked because they are too involved within the cultural aspect. After extensive research, it has been proven that race cannot be biologically defined. In general, people categorize people within a certain race depending mainly on their skin color, the construction of their eyes and even the color of one’s hair. These characteristics are arbitrary. In attempts to prove this, Jared Diamond wrote the article â€Å"Race without Color. † He arbitrarily chooses the gene that causes sickle-cell anemia. By using this way to classify people, Greeks, Thai and New Guineans would be put together as once race, and some Africans and Norwegians in another racial group (84). Classifying people into certain races is not biologically acceptable or possible to do objectively. It only creates views about others through our own eye, and leads to subconscious differentiation and discrimination. However, it is common today for people to use race as a simple way to categorize people. Considering all of the different classifications, Diamond, along with many anthropologists suggests, â€Å"one cannot recognize any human races at all. † It is given through anthropologists’ studies that rules that separate races from one another are constitutive rules. A socially constructed institution is only possible through the thoughts and ideas of those within a society. Race continues to be one of these examples, although it is known through facts and research that race is not properly appraised. In American culture every one has been subjected to the question of their race at one point or another. While taking exams or signing up for SATs here in America, people are questioned about their racial back rounds. This shows that race is real. Another example is seen in â€Å"Hotel Rwanda. † In the film, although the Hutus and Tutsis are from the same nation and seem physically identical to one another, there was bloodshed amongst these two races because of socially constructed identities. Race has evolved as a worldview and system of perspective. Race creates a body of prejudgments that distorts our ideas about differences between humans. The simple existence of two races in Rwanda made it so that the groups of people perceived differences and problems between them. Regardless of ideas and falsely created identities, race is real and should be viewed as a whole. A great example of the reality and issues of race within our society date back to the Rodney Glen King incident which took place in Los Angeles in 1991. During the month of March, Rodney King led police on a high speed pursuit though red lights and stop signs. After eventually stopping, police proceeded towards the car and threw King to the ground. The police officers claim he resisted arrest and was continuously stuck with batons, tackled and even tasered. George Holiday, a private citizen video taped this incident from his apartment, creating an international media sensation. In 1992, the officers were acquitted by a jury. The acquittal was based in part on a 13-second segment of the video tape. The jury verdict created massive rioting in LA for four days. By the time order was able to be restored, an estimated $1 billion in damage, with â€Å"55 deaths; 2,383 injuries; more than 7000 fire responses; 3,100 businesses damaged† (Smith, Anna Deavere). Smaller riots ensued in other U. S. cities. After the riots occurred, federal charges of civil rights violations were brought up against the officers. Two of the officers were found guilty and sentenced to 30 months in prison, while the other two were acquitted. During the acts of violence and riots, King had appeared in public in front of news cameras stating, â€Å"People, I just want to say, you know, can we all get along? † (Keyes. 1992) Although these acts of racial incidents occurred, in the midst of it, the one who was beaten stepped out and asked for peace and camaraderie amongst all. As described earlier, there was uproar across the country as people believed that the police involved in the attacks were initially not persecuted because racial factors. As seen in King’s quote, it is evident that he spoke in respect to racial neutrality while asking if everyone can get along. He was able to show that race is real in that simple quote. He referred to â€Å"we† as people living within this world, making them seem as a whole, as one race. As observed through this case and many others, including the most recent Jena 6 trial, race is still a factor for individuals and groups. Yet race still remains impossible to define and use. Race fits the anthropological formula for constitutive rules, â€Å"X counts as Y in context C. † Race, seen as a biological entity, is in fact a social construct made from systems of constitutive rules and is used to generalize people into certain groups. Although society views race as separate divisions among people, through scientific knowledge it is clear that human populations are not categorical, biologically distinct groups.

Behavioral Perspectives

Follet, Munsterberg and Mayo are mostly known for behavioral- science approach theory. They are more focused on the human and psychological factors, which are likely to affect the workers. A considerable philosophy of the theory illuminates employee relationship and motivation, information processing and organizational development. The three are also considered the founders of organizational psychology and behavioral approaches in the theories of management. Follet is an American social worker, a pioneer in the organizational theory and organizational behavior. He is works as a management consultant. Her theory criticized the poor handling of employees and urge managers to be friendly. In doing so, they should grant them the liberty to collaborate, socialize and work in teams. Munsterberg, on the other hand, states that only workers with standard mental capability and moral standards should be hired. Moreover, increased employee motivation, job performance, and employee retention are very imperative. In other words, he encourages matching an employee merits with his or her job description. Elton Mayo, who started human relations movement is best known for Hawthorne studies which were conducted at the western electric company. His theory is based on the soft ways for successful management. According to him, individual's work performance depends greatly on job satisfaction. He contributed significantly to behaviorism movement in the management field. However, Marx, Weber, and Taylor oppose such positions and call for employees liberations. For instance, Marx is against the bourgeois who use other people to become rich. They are uncomfortable with the states of affairs that use other people as instruments of making wealth. Even though Marx, weber and Taylor contrast them, Follet, Munsterberg and Mayo transformed the way modern employers relate to their employees. Q2Organizational structure defines how organizational activities are coordinated, and directing supervisions of the allocated tasks towards the achievement of organizational goals. Major types of the organizational structure include functional, divisional and matrix. Functional structure refers to the grouping of the organization departments according to purposes. It is useful for small organizations with flexible departments which can solely rely on the skills, talents, and knowledge of employees. Divisional structure is used by large organizations which operate in different geographical areas. The organization is divided into divisions which areas separately managed towards achieving the common set goals. It is useful in the sense that its desires can be met rapidly and more specifically since each division operates independently. Q3Everyone in a workplace possesses different personalities. The use of personality test immensely employs the use of the big five personality traits which includes openness, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. In a workplace, personality traits can help in revealing strengths and weaknesses of the employees. Moreover, it helps in determining levels of emotional intelligence among employees, a key tool for effective communication. In addition to this, personality traits help in creating awareness and enhancing excellent teamwork among employees. Finally, personality traits it helps in promoting a deeper understanding of employee capabilities based on their strengths and capabilities, thus making it easier to delegate the duties. Q4 Perceptual distortions refer to the variations of a person's response to a stimulus from the common perception. Majorly, it occurs as a result of intellectual biases of an individual. The major causes of perceptual distortions include but not limited to stereotyping, halo effect, pre-deposition, recency effect, pre-deposition effect, primacy effect, and prejudice. An example of perceptual distortion is that of an individual who is suffering from anorexia and holds a biased self-image. Such people see their bodies as overweighed and unsightly whereas others perceive them as the undernourished as well as underweighted. Q5 Impression management refers to a self-presentation system which focuses on improving a person's image in the eyes of others. Typically, it refers to a process in which people attempt to influence the perception of others. Managers synonymously implement the use of impression management to present themselves to their employees, the public and to their peers as a way of impelling the insights of their appearance. The underlying motives and basic governing factors of impression management culminates in the awareness of being a potential monitoring instrument and the kind social status. Additionally, cultural norms, personal goals, and social perspectives form other impression motives and governing factors for managers. The duo reveals the assertions, which leads to a dynamic way of presentational aspects. Managers tend to impress their employees, peers and the public through the types of clothes they put on, which have specific designs and fashions. Politicians wear nice suits, carries an expensive suitcase and move inexpensive cars so as to impress the public as they woe for votes. Christianity is another strategy used by managers to impress peers and the public alleging that their ways are pure. Q6 Stress refers to a hypersensitive response of the body to any kind of emotional strain. It occurs as a result of personal conflict between the job workload or demands and the little amount of time an employee has to meet these demands, hence lack of control. The common demands that may lead to stress in the workplace include poor organization of the work, poor work design, poor working conditions, poor management and lack of supervisory support. Moreover, job monotony and excessive workload are also sources of stress in a workstation. The general responses to stress that can be experienced are majorly classified into physical, Emotional responses. Physical stress occurs in the general body and includes pains, aches and other diseases that may be caused by stress. Physical stress is accompanied by frequent headaches, chest problems, back pain and aching stomach. It is also characterized by insufficient sleep and high blood pressure. On the other hand, Emotional responses are experiences involving feelings and thoughts during stressful circumstances. Such responses include depression and anxiety, withdrawing socially and becoming more forgetful. Anger, lack of focus and becoming more restless are other emotional responses to stress. Excessive stress is fatal and prevention measures should be put in place. In order to deal with stress, one should first trace the origin and know the causes of stress and develop healthy responses to curb the situation. Relaxing the mind and having sufficient sleep are important techniques suppressing stress. Avoid being lonely, talk to other people and seek for their help. Finally, talking to the supervisor about the stressing issue can help solve the situation. This can be perfected by improving working conditions.

Guilt and Punishment Essay

Creon’s actions and judgment in the play Antigone were questionable, but I don’t think he deserved the punishment he received at the conclusion of the play. My philosophy of life probably influenced my decision because I believe that everyone deserves a second chance. Creon was arrogant and did not listen to anyone’s advice, including Tiresias, a prophet who has never told him a lie. However, in the end he realized what had happened and accepted his fate. Creon was just recently appointed king so I guess he was trying to set a good example by sentencing Antigone to death. He didn’t’ want the people to think he was a person who made exceptions to their own ruling. A part of me did not want to forgive Creon, because what he did was rotten. He turned against his own family. I could never send a family member to jail or even worse, death. Creon’s punishment was quite harsh. All of the people close to him died. His son and daughter died and that was when he realized what kind of mistake he had made. He went against the morals of the people, ignored advice from his family members as well as a prophet who has never been wrong. His obstinate decision led him towards his downfall. In the end Creon knew that it was his fault that every one around him died. It was too late to regret now, so he accepted his punishment. I don’t think that the punishment was suitable because it was too extreme. Image if everyone in your family died because you made a poor decision. No one is perfect, that is why they put erasers on top of your pencils. I believe everyone should deserve a second chance, even if that someone is Creon.

Applied Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Applied Leadership - Essay Example Overall, this review highlights the importance for a leader to be flexible to the situation and context in which they find themselves making decisions and taking action. It appears that there is no one set formula to be an effective leader, instead professional and personal development must be made lifelong learning goals. Professional development may take the form of training courses, or getting back to the 'ground floor' of the organization. Personal development for the leader requires critical reflection on one's outcomes, to bring awareness of one's strengths and weaknesses, as well as what makes one unique. It is anticipated that this paper will provide a concise collection of leadership definitions that can contribute to student learning of leadership, and the qualities that are necessary to motivate others to be led by them. Leadership is a role that requires valuable skills as well as a reliance on innate personal characteristics. Effective leadership is highly demanded in the product and service industries. The act of leadership is complex and is determined by the credibility of the leader; importantly the leader must be able to exhibit commitment to a clear set of values (Kouzes & Posner, 2003). Characteristics of a good leader are often identified as being: honesty, competency, a good communicator, inspiring and forward-thinking (Kouzes & Posner, 2002). Definitions of a Leader My Definition My personal definition of leadership is, a person who is able to act in an ethical manner and so keeps in mind the rights and dignity of other person's they interact with. Complementary to this, is transparency of decision and actions, as well as demonstrating accountability for decision and action outcomes. Also, leadership is cultivated through the practice of reflective thinking, as when a person critically considers their decisions and actions in light of the outcomes. I see leadership as a flexible behavior, which adapts itself to the context of the situation, whilst remaining aligned with the leader's temperament. An example of flexible leadership is when socio-cultural, political, economic and/or another's personal characteristics are included in how a decision is arrived at, or a solution implemented. Finally, leadership is the embodied in the skill of communication, the leader being able to empathize with others, listen to their needs and expectations, and can learn what mo tivates and empowers others to try, persist, achieve, and to adapt to unsuccessful outcomes and focus on solutions. Five Other Definitions Using email, five friends were contacted to ask them who they determined was a good leader. Their responses are outlined below: R ---- suggests that the Prime Minister of the UK, Tony Blair as the embodiment of good leadership. With the modification of the National Health System, beginning in 1997, Blair's